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List of ruling political parties by country

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This is a list of ruling political parties by country, in the form of a table with a link to an overview of political parties in each country and showing which party system is dominant in each country. A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. Individual parties are properly listed in separate articles under each nation.

The ruling party in a parliamentary system is the political party or coalition of the majority in parliament. It generally forms the central government.

Table

[edit]

A

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Afghanistan One-party[a] Taliban None; see 2021 takeover
 Abkhazia Multi-party Independents, Amtsakhara
Aitaira 		2022 (parliament)
 Åland Multi-party Liberals, Centre, Social Democrats
ObS, Moderate Coalition Sustainable Initiative 		2023 (legislative)
 Albania Multi-party Socialist Party of Albania, PSD
PD – Alliance for Change (PD, PR, PDIU, PAA, PLL, LZHK, PBDNJ), PL 		2021 (parliament)
 Alderney Non-partisan Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		2022 (general)
 Algeria Multi-party National Liberation Front, RND, Future Front, El-Bina
MSP, LP, FBG, FDJ, EFED, PLJ, Jil Jadid, FAN, El Karama, FNA, FFS 		2024 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
 Andorra Multi-party Democrats for Andorra, Committed Citizens, Action for Andorra
Concord, Social Democratic Party–Progressives, Andorra Forward 		2023 (parliament)
 Angola Dominant-party People's Movement for the Liberation of Angola
UNITA, PRS, FNLA, PHA 		2022 (general)
 Anguilla Two-party Anguilla Progressive Movement
Anguilla United Front 		2020 (general)
Dominant-party Antigua and Barbuda Labour Party
United Progressive Party, Barbuda People's Movement 		2023 (general)
 Argentina Multi-party La Libertad Avanza, Republican Proposal, MID, Independence, CREO
Union for the Homeland, UCR, HCF, IF, CC–ARI, FIT–Unidad, SER, PyT, MPN 		2023 (general)
2021 (legislative)
 Armenia Multi-party Civil Contract, United Labour Party
Armenia Alliance (ARF, independents), I Have Honor Alliance (RPA, independents) 		2021 (parliament)
 Aruba Multi-party People's Electoral Movement, RAIZ
AVP, Aruban Sovereignty Movement, RED, Accion 21 		2021 (general)
 Ascension Non-partisan Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		2022 (general)
 Australia Multi-party Labor Party
Coalition (Liberal, National) (off. opp.), Greens, Centre, KAP, One Nation, AV, JLN, UAP 		2022 (federal)
 Austria Multi-party Austrian People's Party, The Greens
Freedom Party, Social Democratic Party, NEOS 		2024 (legislative)
 Azerbaijan Dominant-party New Azerbaijan Party, VHP, BAP, AVP, AMİP, ADMP, BQP
ƏHD, REAL, MCP, DİP 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)

B

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Bahamas Two-party Progressive Liberal Party
Free National Movement 		2021 (general)
 Bahrain Dominant-party Pro-monarchy independents, Al Rabitah, Gathering of National Unity
Progressive Democratic Tribune 		2022 (general)
 Bangladesh Multi-party Transitional non-partisan government
Legislature dissolved, Awami League 		2024 (general)
See also: 2024 revolution
 Barbados Two-party Barbados Labour Party
Democratic Labour Party 		2022 (general)
 Belarus Dominant-party Belaya Rus, Independents, RPTS, Communist Party
Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus[b] 		2020 (presidential)
2019 (parliament)
 Belgium Multi-party PS, MR, Ecolo, CD&V, Open Vld, Groen, Vooruit
N-VA, Vlaams Belang, PTB/PVDA, Les Engagés, DéFI 		2024 (general)
 Flanders Multi-party N-VA, Vooruit, CD&V
VB, Open Vld, PVDA, Groen, TFA 		2024 (parliament)
 Wallonia Multi-party MR, LE
PS, PTB, Ecolo 		2024 (parliament)
 Brussels Multi-party PS, Ecolo, DéFI, Groen, Open Vld, Vooruit
MR, PTB/PVDA, LE, DierAnimal, N-VA, VB, CD&V, Agora 		2024 (parliament)
 German-
speaking Community 		Multi-party ProDG, CSP, PFF
Vivant, SP, Ecolo 		2024 (parliament)
 Belize Two-party People's United Party
United Democratic Party 		2020 (general)
 Benin Multi-party Progressive Union for Renewal, Republican Bloc
The Democrats 		2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Bermuda Two-party Progressive Labour Party
One Bermuda Alliance 		2020 (general)
 Bhutan Two-party People's Democratic Party
Bhutan Tendrel Party 		2023–24 (legislative)
 Bolivia Multi-party Movement for Socialism
Civic Community (FRI), Creemos (PDC, UCS) 		2020 (general)
 Bonaire Multi-party Bonaire People's Movement
Bonaire Democratic Party, Bonaire Patriotic Union 		2023 (general)
Multi-party SNSD, HDZ BiH, NiP, SDP BiH, DNS, NS, ZNG, DEMOS, US, BHI KF
SDA, DF-Civic Alliance, SDS, PDP, NES, ZPR, NPD 		2022 (general)
 Botswana Multi-party Umbrella for Democratic Change, Botswana Patriotic Front
BCP (official opposition), Botswana Democratic Party 		2024 (general)
 Brazil Multi-party Brazil of Hope, PSD, MDB, PDT, PSB, PSOL-REDE, Avante, Solidarity
PL, Brazil Union, PP, Republicans, PSDB-Cidadania, Podemos, PRD, NOVO 		2022 (general)
 Brunei One-party Independents
No parliamentary opposition 		No elections
 Bulgaria Multi-party Caretaker non-partisan government
GERB–SDS, PP–DB, Revival, DPS–NN, BSP–OL, APS, ITN, MECh 		2021 (presidential)
Oct 2024 (parliament)
Military junta MPSR (civilian government suspended) Sep 2022 coup d'état
 Burundi Dominant-party National Council for the Defense of Democracy
National Congress for Liberty, Union for National Progress 		2020 (general)

C

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Cambodia Dominant-party Cambodian People's Party
FUNCINPEC, Khmer Will Party 		2023 (parliament)
 Cameroon Dominant-party Cameroon People's Democratic Movement
UNDP, SDF, CPNR, Cameroon Democratic Union, FNSC, MDR, USM 		2018 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 Canada Multi-party Liberal Party (minority), New Democratic Party
Conservative Party (main opposition), Bloc Québécois, Green Party 		2021 (federal)
 Cape Verde Multi-party Movement for Democracy
PAICV (president's party), UCID 		2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
 Cayman Islands Two-party United People's Movement
People's Progressive Movement 		2021 (general)
Dominant-party United Hearts Movement
Kwa Na Kwa, URCA, MLPC, MOUNI, RDC and others 		2020–21 (general)
 Chad Dominant-party Patriotic Salvation Movement
Parliament dissolved, UNDR, URD, RNDT, FAR, Les Transformateurs 		2024 (presidential)
 Chile Multi-party Government Alliance (FA, PS, PCCh, PPD, PL, PR, AH, FREVS), PDC
Chile Vamos (UDI, RN, Evópoli), PLR, PSC, Democrats, Amarillos 		2021 (general)
 China (PRC) One-party Chinese Communist Party, minor parties (CPWDP, JS, CDL, CAPD, CNDCA, RCCK, TDSL, CZGP) 2023 (congressional)
 Hong Kong Dominant-party Pro-Beijing camp (DAB, FTU, BPA, NPP, LP, FEW, FLU, Roundtable, PP, KWND, NP, NCF)
Third Side, Pro-democracy camp 		2021 (legislative)
2023 (local)
 Macau Dominant-party Pro-Beijing camp (ACUM, UPD, UMG, UPP, ABL)
Pro-democracy camp (NE), Synergy Power 		2021 (legislative)
 Colombia Multi-party PHxC, PLC, AV, Colombia Reborn, ASI, Citizen Force, Commons
CD, CR, LIGA, PVO, MIRA, PCC, PSUN, MSN, CJL 		2022 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
 Comoros Dominant-party Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros
Orange Party 		2020 (legislative)
2024 (presidential)
 Congo Dominant-party Congolese Party of Labour, MAR, RDPS
UPADS, UDH-Yuki, MAR, PRL, Club 2002, DRD, RDPS, APC, MUST, MDC, CPR, URDP, RC, MCDDI 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
 DR Congo Multi-party President: UDPS; Parliament: Sacred Union of the Nation
Parliamentary opposition: Lamuka Coalition [fr], Congo ya Makasi 		2023 (general)
2024 (senate)
Multi-party Cook Islands Party, Pro-government independents
Democratic Party, Cook Islands United Party, One Cook Islands Movement 		2022 (general)
 Costa Rica Multi-party Social Democratic Progress Party (minority)
PLN, PUSC, PNR, PLP, Broad Front 		2022 (general)
 Croatia Multi-party Croatian Democratic Union, DP, HDS, HSLS, HNS-LD, HSU
SDP, Most, We can!, SDSS, Centre–NPS, Glas–HSS–DO i SIP, HS–PiP, IDS-DDI, Focus 		2019–20 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 Cuba One-party Communist Party of Cuba 2023 (parliament)
 Curaçao Multi-party MFK, National People's Party
PAR, Partido MAN, Kòrsou Esun Miho, Work for Curaçao 		2021 (general)
 Cyprus Multi-party Democratic Party, Democratic Alignment, EDEK
Democratic Rally, AKEL, ELAM, KOSP 		2023 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
Multi-party SPOLU (ODS, KDU-ČSL, TOP 09), Mayors and Independents
ANO 2011, Freedom and Direct Democracy, Czech Pirate Party 		2021 (legislative)
2023 (presidential)

D

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Denmark Multi-party Social Democrats, Venstre, Moderates, Union Party, JF, Siumut, IA
Green Left, DD, Liberals, DKF, EL, RV, ALT, NB, DF 		2022 (general)
 Djibouti Dominant-party Union for the Presidential Majority (RPP, FRUD, PND, PSD, UPR)
UDJ 		2021 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Dominica Dominant-party Dominica Labour Party
No parliamentary opposition, Team Unity Dominica, United Workers' Party 		2022 (general)
Multi-party PRM, FA, APD, DxC, PHD, BIS, PRSD, PQDC, PCR
Dominican Liberation Party, FP, PRSC, PRD, ALPAÍS, PLR 		2024 (general)

E

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 East Timor Multi-party National Congress for Timorese Reconstruction, Democratic Party
FRETILIN, KHUNTO, People's Liberation Party 		2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
 Ecuador Multi-party National Democratic Action, Pachakutik
RC, Construye, PSC, PID, SUMA, Avanza [es], PSP, RETO, CD, UP, AMIGO 		2023 (general)
 Egypt Dominant-party Independents, Nation's Future Party, RPP, New Wafd, HDP, MEP, SDP
CDM (RDP, ESDP, Justice) Tagammu, Conference, EFP, Al-Nour, EPM, EGP 		2023 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 El Salvador Dominant-party Nuevas Ideas, National Coalition Party, Christian Democratic Party
Nationalist Republican Alliance, Vamos 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Equatorial Guinea Dominant-party Democratic Party of Equatorial Guinea
No parliamentary opposition, Convergence for Social Democracy 		2022 (general)
 Eritrea One-party People's Front for Democracy and Justice Elections postponed
 Estonia Multi-party Reform Party, Estonia 200, Social Democratic Party
Conservative People's Party, Isamaa, Centre Party, ERK 		2023 (parliament)
 Eswatini Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (general)
 Ethiopia Dominant-party Prosperity Party
NaMA, EZEMA, GPDP 		2021 (general)
 European Union Multi-party EPP, PES, ALDE
ECR, Patriots.eu, EGP, ESN, ELA, EDP, EFA, PEL, ECPM 		2024 (parliament)

F

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Falkland Islands Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)
 Faroe Islands Multi-party Social Democratic Party, Republic, Progress
Union Party, People's Party, Centre Party 		2022 (general)
 Fiji Multi-party People's Alliance, National Federation Party, SODELPA
Independents (Ex-FijiFirst) 		2022 (general)
 Finland Multi-party National Coalition, Finns Party, Christian Democrats, Swedish People's Party
SDP, Centre Party, The Greens, Left Alliance, Movement Now 		2023 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 France Multi-party Ensemble (RE, MoDem, HOR, UDI, PR, EC), LR, LC, AC
NFP (LFI, PS, LÉ, PCF, PP, REV, GRS), UXD (RN, UDR, IDL), R&PS 		2022 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 French Guiana Multi-party DVG, Péyi Guyane, La France Insoumise, MDES, Socialist Party
DVC, Guiana Rally, The Republicans 		2021 (regional)
 French Polynesia Multi-party Tāvini Huiraʻatira
Tāpura Huiraʻatira, A here ia Porinetia, ʻĀmuitahiraʻa o te Nūnaʻa Māʻohi 		2023 (legislative)

G

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other Parties		 Last election
 Gabon Military junta CTRI (civilian government suspended) 2023 coup d'état
 Gambia Multi-party National People's Party, National Reconciliation Party, APRC
United Democratic Party, PDOIS 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
 Georgia Dominant-party Georgian Dream, People's Power
CfC (Ahali, Girchi–MF, Droa, Rep), U–NM (UNM, SA, EG, P&F), SG (Lelo, FtP, Citizens, FS), FG, CPG 		2024 (parliament)
 Germany Multi-party Social Democratic Party, Alliance 90/The Greens
Union (CDU, CSU), Free Democratic Party, Alternative for Germany, The Left, BSW 		2021 (federal)
 Ghana Two-party New Patriotic Party
National Democratic Congress 		2020 (general)
 Gibraltar Multi-party GSLP–Liberal Alliance (GSLP, LPG)
Gibraltar Social Democrats 		2023 (general)
 Greece Multi-party New Democracy
Syriza, PASOK–KINAL (PASOK, KIDISO), KKE, Greek Solution, NA, Spartans, Niki, Course of Freedom 		2023 (legislative)
 Greenland Multi-party Inuit Ataqatigiit, Naleraq
Siumut, Democrats, Atassut 		2021 (general)
 Grenada Two-party National Democratic Congress
New National Party 		2022 (general)
 Guadeloupe Multi-party GUSR, DVC
Plural Left 		2021 (regional)
 Guatemala Multi-party Semilla, Winaq–URNG
Vamos, UNE, Cabal, ViVa, Valor, VOS, Todos, PPN, BIEN, Victoria, PA, CE, CREO, Cambio 		2023 (general)
 Guernsey Multi-party Independents
Future Guernsey, Guernsey Party 		2020 (general)
 Guinea Military junta CNRD (civilian government suspended) 2021 coup d'état
 Guinea-Bissau Multi-party PAI–Terra Ranka (PAIGC and others), PRS, PTG
Madem G15 (president's party), Assembly of the People United 		2019 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
 Guyana Multi-party People's Progressive Party/Civic
APNU+AFC (PNCR and others) (official opposition), LJP–ANUG–TNM 		2020 (general)

H

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Haiti Multi-party Transitional non-partisan government; TPC member parties: FL, OPL, PPD, EDE [fr], REN
Parliament dissolved; PHTK, Inite, Haiti in Action, RDNP, Renmen, UNCRH, PFSDH 		2016–17 (senate)
2016 (presidential)
 Honduras Multi-party Liberty and Refoundation, Innovation and Unity Party, Anti-Corruption Party
National Party, Liberal Party, Savior Party of Honduras 		2021 (general)
 Hungary Dominant-party Fidesz–KDNP (Fidesz, KDNP), LdU
DK–MSZP–P (DK, MSZP, Dialogue, Szikra), Momentum, Jobbik, Mi Hazánk, LMP, ANPM 		2022 (parliament)

I

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Iceland Multi-party Independence Party, Progressive Party, Left-Green Movement
Samfylkingin, People's Party, Pirate Party, Liberal Reform Party, Centre Party, The Greens 		2021 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 India Multi-party NDA (BJP, TDP, JDU, JSP, SHS, RJLP, AD(S), AJSU, NDPP, NPP, NPF, MNF, SKM, JD(S), AGP)
INDIA (INC, DMK, AITC, AAP, CPI(M), SS(UBT), NCP (SP), RJD, JKNC, IUML, JMM, SP, CPI, RSP, VCK, KC(M))
Others (YSRCP, BJD, BSP, BRS, SAD, AIMIM, AIUDF, RLP, AIADMK) 		2024 (general)
 Indonesia Multi-party KIM Plus (Gerindra, Golkar, PKB, PAN, Demokrat), PDI-P, NasDem, PKS 2024 (general)
 Iran Dominant-party[c] Reformists (executive majority)
Principlists (legislative+judicial+oversight majority) 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Iraq Multi-party Takadum, State of Law, PDK, Fatah, PUK, Azem, Victory Alliance, Babylon Movement
Emtidad, Naway Nwe, Tasmim, National Contract, Ishraq Kanoon, NPI, MDR, others 		2021 (parliament)
 Kurdistan Multi-party Kurdistan Democratic Party, Patriotic Union of Kurdistan
Gorran, Naway Nwe, Kurdistan Justice Group, Yekgirtû 		2024 (parliament)
 Ireland Multi-party Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, Green Party
Sinn Féin, Labour Party, Social Democrats, PBP–S, Aontú, Right to Change 		2020 (general)
 Isle of Man Multi-party Independents
Labour Party, Liberal Vannin Party 		2021 (general)
 Israel Multi-party Likud, Shas, Mafdal–RZ, UTJ, Otzma, New Hope, Noam
Yesh Atid, National Unity, Yisrael Beiteinu, Ra'am, Hadash–Ta'al, Democrats 		2022 (legislative)
 Italy Multi-party Brothers of Italy, League, Forza Italia, Us Moderates, MAIE, DCR, UdC
PD–IDP (PD, DemoS, CD), M5S, Az, AVS (EV, SI, PP), IV, +E, SVP, ScN, UV 		2022 (general)
 Ivory Coast Dominant-party Rally of Houphouëtists for Democracy and Peace (RDR)
PDCI-RDA, Together for Democracy and Sovereignty, UDPCI, FPI 		2020 (presidential
2021 (parliament)

J

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Jamaica Two-party Jamaica Labour Party
People's National Party 		2020 (general)
 Japan Multi-party Liberal Democratic Party, Komeito
Constitutional Democratic Party, Ishin, DPP, Reiwa, Communist Party, Sanseitō, CPJ, SDP 		2024 (general)
2022 (upper house)
 Jersey Multi-party[d] Independents, Reform Jersey, Jersey Liberal Conservatives
Independents, Better Way 		2022 (general)
 Jordan Dominant-party[e] Pro-monarchy independents, National Charter Party, Eradah Party, Progress Party
Islamic Action Front, National Islamic Party, National Union Movement, Communist Party 		2024 (general)

K

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Kazakhstan Dominant-party Amanat
Auyl, Respublica, Aq Jol, People's Party, JSDP 		2022 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
 Kenya Multi-party Kenya Kwanza (UDA, ANC, FORD–K, UDM, TSP, MCC, UPIA, UPA, CCK, DP, GDDP, MDG)
Azimio (ODM, Jubilee, WDM–K, DAP–K, KANU, KUP, NOPEU, NAP–K, UDP) 		2022 (general)
 Kiribati Two-party Tobwaan Kiribati Party
Boutokaan Kiribati Moa Party 		2024 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 Korea (DPRK) One-party Workers' Party of Korea, other minor parties (KSDP, Chondoist Chongu Party) 2019 (parliament)
 Korea (ROK) Multi-party People Power Party
Democratic Party, Rebuilding Korea, New Reform, Progressive Party, BIP, SDP 		2022 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Kuwait Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2024 (general)
 Kyrgyzstan Multi-party Mekenchil, Ata-Jurt Kyrgyzstan, Ishenim, Yntymak
Eldik, Alliance, United Kyrgyzstan, Light of Faith, SDK, Afghans' Party 		2021 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
 Kosovo Multi-party Vetëvendosje, Guxo, Alternativa, KDTP, NDS, IRDK, Vakat, LPRK, SDU, PAI
PDK, LDK, Serb List, AAK, AKR, JGP, RI, GI SPO 		2021 (parliament)

L

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Laos One-party Lao People's Revolutionary Party 2021 (parliament)
 Latvia Multi-party New Unity, Union of Greens and Farmers, The Progressives
United List, National Alliance, For Stability!, Latvia First 		2022 (parliament)
 Lebanon Multi-party Acting gov't: FPM, Amal, Hezbollah, PSP, Marada, ARF, Al-Ahbash, Ba'ath, UP, JI
LF, Kataeb, Taqaddom, Al Haraka, Tahalof Watani, ReLebanon, Khatt Ahmar, Lana, Osos, NDP, PNO 		2022 (general)
 Lesotho Multi-party Revolution for Prosperity, BAP, AD, MEC, LCD, LPC, HOPE
Democratic Congress, ABC, SR, BNP, PFD, BCM, MPS, NIP, UFC, BPP 		2022 (general)
 Liberia Two-party Unity Party
Congress for Democratic Change, other small parties 		2023 (general)
 Libya Non-partisan Government of National Unity, Government of National Stability
Independents 		2014 (parliament)
 Liechtenstein Multi-party Patriotic Union, Progressive Citizens' Party
Free List, Democrats for Liechtenstein 		2021 (general)
 Lithuania Multi-party Homeland Union, Liberal Movement, Freedom Party
LVŽS, DSVL, LSDP, DP, LLRA–KŠS, LRP, NA, LKDP 		2024 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 Luxembourg Multi-party Christian Social People's Party, Democratic Party
LSAP, ADR, The Greens, Pirate Party, The Left 		2023 (general)

M

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Madagascar Dominant-party IRMAR [fr] (Young Malagasies Determined, ADN, AKFM, AVANA, AVI, MDM, RPSD)
Firaisankina [fr] (TIM, HVM [fr], Pro-Siteny, TT, APM), FIVOI, KOL, Green, GJMP 		2023 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 Malawi Multi-party Malawi Congress Party, United Transformation Movement, independents
Democratic Progressive Party, UDF, People's Party, AFORD 		2019 (parliament)
2020 (presidential)
 Malaysia Multi-party PH (PKR, DAP, Amanah, UPKO), BN (UMNO, MCA, MIC, PBRS), GPS (PBB, PRS, PDP, SUPP), GRS (PBS, STAR), Warisan, KDM, PBM
PN (PAS, BERSATU, GERAKAN), MUDA 		2022 (general)
 Maldives Multi-party People's National Congress, Progressive Party, Maldives National Party, Third Way Democrats
Maldivian Democratic Party, Maldives Development Alliance, Jumhooree Party 		2023 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 Mali Military junta Malian Armed Forces (civilian government suspended) 2021 coup d'état
 Malta Two-party Labour Party
Nationalist Party 		2022 (general)
Two-party Independents (Pro-Heine)
Independents (Pro-Kabua) 		2023 (general)
 Mauritania Multi-party Equity Party, AND, El Islah, UDP, El Karama, Nida El Watan, HATEM, HIWAR, El Vadila
Tewassoul, Hope Mauritania, Sawab–RAG, AJD/MR, State of Justice 		2024 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Mauritius Multi-party Labour Party, Mauritian Militant Movement, Nouveau Démocrate, Rezistans ek Alternativ
Rodrigues People's Organisation, Alliance Liberation, Militant Socialist Movement, Social Democratic Party 		2024 (general)
 Mayotte Multi-party The Republicans, NÉMA, DVD
MDM, Renaissance, DVC 		2021 (legislative)
 Mexico Multi-party Morena, Ecologist Green Party, Labor Party
National Action Party, Institutional Revolutionary Party, Citizens' Movement 		2024 (general)
 Micronesia Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (parliament)
 Moldova Multi-party Party of Action and Solidarity
Bloc of Communists and Socialists (PSRM, PCRM), Victory (ȘOR–Independents, Revival), MAN 		2021 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 Monaco Multi-party UNM (Priorité Monaco, Horizon Monaco, Union Monégasque)
No parliamentary opposition; New Ideas for Monaco 		2023 (parliament)
 Mongolia Multi-party Mongolian People's Party, Democratic Party, HUN Party
National Coalition (Green Party, MNDP, MLDP), Civil Will–Green Party 		2021 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Montenegro Multi-party Europe Now, ZBCG (NSD, DNP), Democrats, BS, SNP, ASh, UCG, Civic, LDSh [sq], FORCA, UDSh
Democratic Party of Socialists, United Reform Action, Social Democrats, HGI 		2023 (presidential)
2023 (legislative)
 Montserrat Two-party United Alliance
People's Democratic Movement (official opposition), Movement for Change and Prosperity 		2024 (general)
 Morocco Multi-party National Rally of Independents, Authenticity and Modernity Party, Istiqlal Party
Socialist Union of Popular Forces, Popular Movement, UC–MDS, PPS, PJD, FFD, PSU, AFG 		2021 (general)
 Mozambique Dominant-party FRELIMO
PODEMOS, RENAMO, MDM 		2024 (general)
 Myanmar Military junta State Administration Council (civilian government suspended), USDP, PPP, NDF, KPP, PNO, ZCD, MUP
Anti-junta parties banned; Parts of country are controlled by the opposition National Unity Government or ethnic forces 		2021 coup d'état

N

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Namibia Dominant-party SWAPO
PDM, LPM, NUDO, APP, UDF, RP, NEFF, RDP, CDV, SWANU, IPC 		2019 (general)
 Nauru Multi-party Independents, Nauru First
Opposition independents 		2022 (parliament)
 Nepal Multi-party NC, CPN (UML), PSP, LSP-N, NUP, Janamat, PSP-N
Socialist Front (CPN (MC), RSP, CPN (US), NSP), RPP, AJP, NWPP, RJM 		2022 (general)
 Netherlands Multi-party PVV, VVD, NSC, BBB
GL/PvdA, D66, CDA, SP, FvD, PvdD, SGP, CU, DENK, Volt, JA21, 50PLUS, OPNL 		2023 (general)
Multi-party Caledonian Union, FLNKS, L'EO, UNI, LKS, Labour Party
Future with Confidence, Caledonia Together, Generations NC 		2019 (legislative)
 New Zealand Multi-party National Party, ACT New Zealand, New Zealand First
Labour Party (official opposition), Green Party, Te Pāti Māori 		2023 (general)
 Nicaragua Dominant-party Sandinista National Liberation Front, YATAMA
Constitutionalist Liberal Party, ALN, PLI, CCN, APRE 		2021 (general)
 Niger Military junta CSNP (civilian government suspended), M62 Movement 2023 coup d'état
 Nigeria Multi-party All Progressives Congress
Peoples Democratic Party (official opposition), Labour Party, NNPP, APGA, ADC, SDP, YPP, ADP 		2023 (general)
 Niue Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (general)
Multi-party Your Macedonia (VMRO-DPMNE, SPM, DPSM), VLEN (ASh, Besa, LD, AAA, LVV), ZNAM
For a European Future (SDSM, NSDP, LDP), European Front (BDI, ASh, LP, TDP, THDH), Levica, PDSh 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
Multi-party National Unity Party, Democratic Party, Rebirth Party
Republican Turkish Party, People's Party 		2020 (presidential)
2022 (parliament)
 Norway Multi-party Labour Party, Centre Party
Conservative Party, FrP, SV, Liberal Party, Red Party, KrF, Green Party, Patient Focus 		2021 (parliament)

O

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition Last election
 Oman Non-partisan Independents
No political parties 		2023 (general)

P

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Pakistan Multi-party PML-N, MQM-P, PML-Q, IPP, PPP, BAP, NP, PML-Z, ANP
Tehreek Tahafuz Ayin (PTI, SIC, BNP-M, MWM, PMAP), JUI-F 		2024 (general)
 Palau Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2024 (general)
 Palestine Multi-party PLO (Fatah, PFLP, DFLP, PPP), National Initiative, Third Way
Hamas (de facto control of the Gaza Strip) 		2006 (legislative)
 Panama Multi-party Realizing Goals, Alliance Party, PRD, CD, Panameñista, MOLIRENA, PP
Coalición Vamos, Another Way Movement 		2024 (general)
Multi-party Pangu, URP, NA, People's, SDP, PFP, PNGP, ULP, Advance, National, AP, Green, Liberal, MAP, NGP, ODP, PLP, PMC, PPP, PRP, Destiny, THE
People's National Congress Party 		2022 (general)
 Paraguay Dominant-party Colorado Party
Authentic Radical Liberal Party, National Crusade, Yo Creo, PEN, PPQ, PPS, Guasú Front, PDP 		2023 (general)
 Peru Multi-party Non-partisan government; Popular Force, Alliance for Progress, Podemos Perú, Free Peru, Popular Action, Magisterial Bloc, We Are Peru
Popular Renewal, Together for Peru, Avanza País, Socialist Bloc, Popular Democratic Bloc, Honor and Democracy, First The People 		2021 (general)
2022 crisis
 Philippines Multi-party Alyansa para sa Bagong Pilipinas (Federal Party, Lakas–CMD, NUP, NPC, Nacionalista), PDP, HNP, LDP, PMP, PRP, UNA, CDP, Aksyon
Liberal Party, Makabayan, Akbayan, KNP, Reporma, BUP 		2022 (general)
Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (general)
 Poland Multi-party KO (PO, .N, IPL, PZ, T!DPL, AU), TD (KP, PL2050), The Left (NL, UP, PPS)
United Right (PiS, OdNowa RP), Confederation (NN, RN, KKP), Razem, Kukiz'15–WiD 		2020 (presidential)
2023 (parliament)
 Portugal Multi-party Democratic Alliance (Social Democratic Party, CDS – People's Party)
Socialist Party, Chega, IL, Left Bloc, PCP, LIVRE, PAN 		2024 (parliament)
2021 (presidential)
 Puerto Rico Two-party Popular Democratic Party
New Progressive Party (governor's party), MVC, PIP, PD 		2024 (general)

Q

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition Last election
 Qatar Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)

R

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Romania Multi-party PSD–PNL Coalition (PSD, PNL), PUSL, Ethnic minority parties
USR, AUR, UDMR, FD, DREPT, REPER, NR, AD, ROASIT, AMT 		2019 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
 Russia Dominant-party United Russia, LDPR (incl. Rodina and Civic Platform), A Just Russia – For Truth
Communist Party (incl. DPA, DNZS and Left Front), New People 		2024 (presidential)
2021 (legislative)
 Rwanda Dominant-party Rwandan Patriotic Front
Liberal Party, Social Democratic Party, Ideal Democratic Party, DGPR, PSI 		2024 (general)

S

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Saint Helena Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2021 (general)
Multi-party Saint Kitts and Nevis Labour Party
Concerned Citizens' Movement, People's Labour Party, People's Action Movement 		2022 (general)
 Saint Lucia Two-party Saint Lucia Labour Party
United Workers Party 		2021 (general)
Two-party Archipelago Tomorrow (LR)
Together for the Future (PRG) 		2022 (legislative)
Two-party Unity Labour Party
New Democratic Party 		2020 (general)
 Samoa Two-party Faʻatuatua i le Atua Samoa ua Tasi (incl. Samoa National Democratic Party)
Human Rights Protection Party 		2021 (general)
 San Marino Multi-party Sammarinese Christian Democratic Party, Libera–PS, PSD, Reformist Alliance
Future Republic, Domani Motus Liberi, RETE Movement 		2024 (general)
Multi-party Independent Democratic Action
MLSTP/PSD, MCI/PS-PUN, Basta 		2021 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
 Saudi Arabia Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) No elections
 Senegal Multi-party PASTEF, Awalé, Avenir Sénégal, MRLD, SET
Takku Wallu Sénégal (APR, PDS, Rewmi), Sàmm sa Kàddu (MTS, LS/MPR), Jàmm ak Njariñ (PS, AFP), PUR 		2024 (presidential)
2022 (legislative)
 Serbia Dominant-party SNS coalition (SPS, PS, SNP, SPO, NSS, SSD), SPS, PUPS, SDPS, SPP, SPO, DSHV, VMSZ, JS, ZS–USS–RS, Zeleni
PSS, NPS–NLS, NADA (NDSS, POKS), ZLF, SRCE, DS, MI–GIN, MI–SN, EU, PSG–SDAS–PVD, USS Sloga 		2023 (legislative)
2022 (general)
 Seychelles Two-party Linyon Demokratik Seselwa (Seychelles National Party, Seychellois Alliance, SPSJD, SUP)
United Seychelles 		2020 (general)
 Sierra Leone Two-party Sierra Leone People's Party
All People's Congress 		2023 (general)
 Singapore Dominant-party People's Action Party
Workers' Party, Progress Singapore Party 		2020 (general)
 Sint Maarten Multi-party Unified Resilient St. Maarten Movement, Democratic Party, Party for Progress [nl], Soualiga Action Movement
National Alliance, United People's Party, Nation Opportunity Wealth 		2024 (general)
 Slovakia Multi-party Direction – Social Democracy, Voice – Social Democracy, Slovak National Party, NK/NEKA
Progressive Slovakia, Slovakia–KÚ–ZĽ–NOVA, KDH, SaS (incl. OKS), Democrats 		2023 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 Slovenia Multi-party Freedom Movement, Social Democrats, The Left
Slovenian Democratic Party, New Slovenia, Democrats 		2022 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
Multi-party OUR Party, People First Party, Kadere Party, pro-government independents
Democratic Party, United Party, Party for Rural Advancement, Umi for Change, Democratic Alliance Party 		2024 (general)
 Somalia Multi-party Union for Peace and Development Party
Tayo, Himilo Qaran, Kaah, Wadajir, Ilays 		2021–22 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
 Somaliland Multi-party Waddani, Justice and Welfare Party
Kulmiye 		2024 (presidential)
2021 (parliament)
 South Africa Multi-party[3] African National Congress, Democratic Alliance, IFP, PA, VF+, UDM, Al Jama-ah, Good, PAC, RISE
Progressive Caucus (MK Party, EFF, ATM, UAT), ActionSA, ACDP, BOSA, NCC 		2024 (general)
 South Ossetia Multi-party Nykhaz, People's Party, Communist Party
United Ossetia 		2022 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 South Sudan Dominant-party Sudan People's Liberation Movement
SPLM-in-Opposition, South Sudan Opposition Alliance 		2010 (general)
 Spain Multi-party PSOE, Sumar (SMR, IU, Podemos, CatComú, MM, Compromís, CHA, Més), ERC, EH Bildu, EAJ/PNV, Junts, BNG, CCa
People's Party, Vox, UPN 		2023 (general)
 Sri Lanka Multi-party NPP (Janatha Vimukthi Peramuna)
Samagi Jana Balawegaya, ITAK, NDF, SLPP, SLMC, MJP, DTNA, ACTC, SLLP 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 Sudan Military junta Ongoing war between the Transitional Sovereignty Council and Rapid Support Forces
Parliament dissolved, Forces of Freedom and Change, SPLM–N (al-Hilu), SLM (al-Nur) 		Transition to democracy
See also: Civil war
 Suriname Multi-party Progressive Reform Party, General Liberation and Development Party, Pertjajah Luhur
National Democratic Party, National Party of Suriname, Brotherhood and Unity in Politics 		2020 (general)
 Sweden Multi-party Moderate Party, Christian Democrats, Liberals, Sweden Democrats
Social Democratic Party, Left Party, Centre Party, Green Party 		2022 (general)
 Switzerland Multi-party Swiss People's Party, Social Democratic Party, FDP.The Liberals, The Centre
Green Party, Green Liberal Party, Evangelical People's Party, Federal Democratic Union, Ticino League, MCG 		2023 (general)
 Syria Dominant-party National Progressive Front (Ba'ath Party, SSNP, ASU, SCP(B), NCP, SUP, ADU, SCP(U), DSU)
No parliamentary opposition; Syrian opposition 		2021 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)

T

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Taiwan (Republic of China)[f] Multi-party Democratic Progressive Party
Kuomintang, Taiwan People's Party 		2024 (presidential)
2024 (legislative)
 Tajikistan Dominant-party People's Democratic Party, Agrarian Party, Communist Party
Party of Economic Reforms, Democratic Party, Socialist Party 		2020 (presidential)
2020 (parliament)
 Tanzania Dominant-party Chama Cha Mapinduzi
Chadema, ACT–Wazalendo, Civic United Front 		2020 (general)
 Zanzibar Dominant-party Chama Cha Mapinduzi
ACT–Wazalendo, ADC, AFP, TADEA 		2020 (general)
 Thailand Multi-party PTP, BJT, UTN, DP, CTP, Prachachat, Kla Tham, CPP, TRP, PPRP–T, NDP
People's Party, PPRP–P, TST, FP, TPP, TLP 		2023 (general)
 Togo Dominant-party Union for the Republic
ADDI, ANC, DMP, FDR 		2020 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)
 Tokelau Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (general)
 Tonga Two-party Independents, Democratic Party of the Friendly Islands, Tongan nobles
Independents, Tonga People's Party 		2021 (general)
 Transnistria Dominant-party Obnovlenie
No parliamentary opposition; Transnistrian Communist Party 		2021 (presidential)
2020 (legislative)
Two-party People's National Movement
United National Congress 		2020 (general)
 Tobago Two-party Tobago People's Party
Progressive Democratic Patriots, Tobago Council of the PNM 		2021 (legislative)
 Tunisia Dominant-party Non-partisan government; 25th of July Movement, Voice of the Republic
People's Movement, Democratic Patriots' Unified Party 		2024 (president)
2022–23 (parliament)
 Turkey Multi-party Justice and Development Party, Nationalist Movement Party, HÜDA PAR, DSP
CHP, DEM, İYİ, Saadet–Gelecek, DEVA, YRP, DP, TİP, DBP, EMEP 		2023 (president)
2023 (parliament)
 Turkmenistan Dominant-party Democratic Party of Turkmenistan, Agrarian Party, TSTP
No parliamentary opposition 		2023 (parliament)
2022 (presidential)
Two-party Progressive National Party
People's Democratic Movement 		2021 (general)
 Tuvalu Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2024 (general)

U

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Uganda Dominant-party National Resistance Movement
National Unity Platform, FDC, Democratic Party, UPC, Justice Forum, PPP 		2021 (general)
 Ukraine Multi-party Servant of the People, Platform for Life and Peace, For the Future, Dovira
European Solidarity, Batkivshchyna, Holos, Restoration of Ukraine, Svoboda 		2019 (president)
2019 (parliament)
Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2023 (parliament)
 United Kingdom Multi-party Labour Party (incl. Labour Co-op)
Conservative Party (opposition), Lib Dems, SNP, Sinn Féin, IA, Reform UK, GPEW, Plaid, SDLP, Alliance, TUV, UUP 		2024 (general)
Multi-party Sinn Féin, DUP, Alliance, UUP
SDLP, TUV, People Before Profit 		2022 (parliament)
 Scotland Multi-party Scottish National Party
Scottish Conservatives, Scottish Labour, Scottish Greens, Scottish Liberal Democrats, Alba Party 		2021 (parliament)
 Wales Multi-party Welsh Labour
Welsh Conservatives (official opposition), Plaid Cymru, Welsh Liberal Democrats 		2021 (parliament)
 United States Two-party Republican Party (majority in U.S. House)
Democratic Party 		2024 (general)
2023 (legislative)
 Uruguay Multi-party National Party, Colorado Party, Cabildo Abierto, Independent Party
Broad Front, Sovereign Identity 		2024 (general)
 Uzbekistan Dominant-party[g] Liberal Democratic Party, Milliy Tiklanish
People's Democratic Party, Adolat, Ecological Party 		2023 (presidential)
2024 (parliament)

V

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Vanuatu Multi-party UMP, RMC, LPV, GJP, NUP, VNDP, Laverwo, Namarakieana
Vanua'aku Pati, RDP, Iauko Group, PPP, Nagriamel, PUDP, NCM, VLM, VPDP, UCM 		2022 (general)
 Vatican City Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2013 (papal conclave)
 Venezuela Dominant-party GPPSB (PSUV, PPT, Tupamaro, MSV, PODEMOS, APC, MEP, ORA, UPP)
PUD (AD, Copei, UNT, VP, PJ, MPV, Convergencia, EC, La Causa Я, PRVZL 		2020 (parliament)
2024 (presidential)
 Vietnam One-party Communist Party of Vietnam, Fatherland Front 2021 (parliament)
Multi-party Virgin Islands Party
Progressive Virgin Islands Movement, NDP, Progressives United 		2023 (general)
Multi-party Democratic Party
Republican Party, Independent Citizens Movement 		2022 (gubernatorial)
2024 (general)

W

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Wallis and Futuna Non-partisan Independents (no political parties) 2022 (legislative)
 Western Sahara One-party Polisario Front 2023 (legislative)

Y

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Yemen Dominant-party General People's Congress[h]
Al-Islah, Yemeni Socialist Party, Nasserist Unionist People's Organisation, Ba'ath Party 		2012 (presidential)
2003 (parliament)
See also 2014–2015 takeover

Z

[edit]
Country Party system Ruling party or coalition
Other parties		 Last election
 Zambia Multi-party United Party for National Development
Patriotic Front, Party of National Unity and Progress 		2021 (general)
 Zimbabwe Dominant-party Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front
Citizens Coalition for Change 		2023 (general)

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ All political parties are banned as "un-Islamic". The Taliban is the only legal political force in the current regime.[1][2]
  2. ^ The Liberal Democratic Party of Belarus asserts that it is an opposition party, but supports the presidency of Alexander Lukashenko nonetheless.
  3. ^ Iran's parties must adhere to a religious system of governance.
  4. ^ Independent politicians dominate Jersey's political system.
  5. ^ Independent pro-monarchy politicians dominate Jordan's political system.
  6. ^ See also Political status of Taiwan and One China
  7. ^ All registered parties in Uzbekistan are not in opposition to the current government of President Shavkat Mirziyoyev[4]
  8. ^ Competing factions of the General People's Congress are in charge of different parts of the country in the course of the ongoing civil war. In North Yemen, the Houthi movement-aligned faction loyal to party founder Ali Abdullah Saleh only partially shares power with the movement.[5]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Azadi, RFE/RL's Radio. "Taliban Bans Political Parties In Afghanistan After Declaring Them Un-Islamic". RadioFreeEurope/RadioLiberty. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  2. ^ "Taliban Ban Afghan Political Parties, Citing Sharia Violations". VOA. 2023-08-16. Retrieved 2023-08-20.
  3. ^ Hoffman, Paul (June 13, 2024). "Multi-party democracy under rule of law finally come of age". Daily Maverick. Retrieved October 3, 2024.
  4. ^ https://apnews.com/article/uzbekistan-election-vote-central-asia-opposition-f748a66904c4c617d9d0288f5e6f46ca Polls close in Uzbekistan’s parliamentary election held without real opposition
  5. ^ Tawfeek al-Ganad (20 September 2022). "Weak and Divided, the General People's Congress Turns 40". Sana'a Center For Strategic Studies. Sanaa. Retrieved 11 February 2023.
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